Bio-processing Plantation by-products with White Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) to Improve Fermentability and Digestibility Based on Substrate Type and Fermentation Time

Plantation by-products can be used as livestock feed with proper processing, optimizing the efficiency of palm kernel cake (PKC), empty oil bunch (EOPB), and acacia sawdust (AS). This study aimed to improve usability byproducts alternative through Pleurotus ostreatus fermentation process. To this end, a 3×3 factorial, completely randomized design was applied. Factor A type substrate, P1 = PKC, P2 EOFB P3 AS. B period, T1 0 d, T2 30 d T3 60 d. The collected data were analyzed using analysis variance (ANOVA), significantly different result further tested Duncan Test. observed variables include Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, pH value, dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic (OMD), N-NH 3 , volatile fatty acids (VFA). showed that P.ostreatus mushroom in various substrate types did not affect fraction NDF, ADF, Hemicellulose. also found interaction duration affects digestibility, production, VFA values. concluded P. ostreotus increased nutritional value by- product from plantation processing. best PKC have highest fermentation.